Tutorial 2: What are Carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates, often referred to as carbs, are the body's primary source of energy. They are found in a wide variety of foods, from fruits and vegetables to grains and dairy products.  

Types of Carbohydrates

There are three main types of carbohydrates:

• Sugars: These are simple carbohydrates that are quickly absorbed by the body. They can be found naturally in fruits and milk, or added to processed foods.
• Starches: Complex carbohydrates that break down more slowly, providing sustained energy. They are found in grains, potatoes, and legumes.
• Fiber: A type of carbohydrate that the body cannot digest. It plays a crucial role in digestive health and overall well-being.

The Role of Carbohydrates in the Body

• Energy: Carbohydrates are the body's main fuel source.
• Digestive Health: Fiber helps maintain a healthy digestive system by promoting regular bowel movements.
• Nutrient Source: Many carbohydrate-rich foods provide essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.

Carbohydrates and Dietary Management

The key to incorporating carbohydrates into a healthy diet is to focus on:

• Balance: Consuming a variety of carbohydrate-rich foods to ensure a balanced intake of nutrients.
• Portion Control: Being mindful of portion sizes to manage calorie intake.
• Quality: Choosing whole grains, fruits, and vegetables over refined carbohydrates and added sugars.

Understanding Food Labels

Food labels can be a helpful tool for making informed choices. Look for the following information:

• Total Carbohydrates: The total amount of carbohydrates in a serving.
• Dietary Fiber: The amount of fiber per serving.
• Sugars: The total amount of sugars, including both natural and added sugars.

Carbohydrates and Specific Dietary Needs

People with certain health conditions, such as diabetes or celiac disease, may need to pay closer attention to their carbohydrate intake. It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian for personalized guidance.

Important Note: While carbohydrates are essential for good health, it's crucial to balance them with other macronutrients like proteins and fats for optimal nutrition.

By understanding these key points about carbohydrates, consumers can make informed choices to support their overall health and well-being.

Quiz

2.1 Solve this puzzle to find the primary role of carbohydrates in the body _ _ _ r _ _.

2.2 Find the words for the primary sources of carbohydrates? 

    F________________  

    V________________  

    G________________ 

    D________________

    (Simply remember the anagram For very good dining!)

2.3 Q&A. Why is it recommended to “consume a variety of carbohydrate-rich foods?”

Extended Exercises

Prepare Discussion Notes: Write a memo to help you in a discussion about Carbohydrates and Dietary Management. Prepare it as if it were a primer for you to explain the importance of balance, portion control and eating quality foods to a colleague (e.g. a study or work mate). This exercise is good practice for developing presentation skills.

Chapter Modules

2.1 Carbohydrate Rich Foods

2.2 Simple and Complex Carbohydrates
2.3 The Glycemic Index
2.4 Managing Portion Sizes

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